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OXIGENOTERAPIA DOMICILIARIA PARA RECIEN NACIDOS PREMATUROS CON DISPLASIA BRONCOPULMONAR

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
En esta reseña se analizan los criterios para suministrar oxigenoterapia domiciliaria a lactantes con displasia broncopulmonar, así como su modo de administración, los beneficios y las desventajas.
Autor:
Anne Greenough
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Department of Child Health King's College Hospital London, UK

Artículos publicados por Anne Greenough
Coautor
Babita Khetriwal* 
MBBS MRCPCH. Dept of Child Health, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy\'s, King\'s & St Thomas\' School of Medicine, King\'s College London, Denmark Hill London, SE5 9RJ. UK*
Recepción del artículo
26 de Marzo, 2004 		Primera edición
4 de Octubre, 2004 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

OXIGENOTERAPIA DOMICILIARIA PARA RECIEN NACIDOS PREMATUROS CON DISPLASIA BRONCOPULMONAR

Resumen
La displasia broncopulmonar (DBP) es un resultado adverso frecuente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales. Los niños afectados son comúnmente dependientes de oxígeno a una edad gestacional de término y deben ser considerados para la oxigenoterapia domiciliaria si no requieren otra asistencia médica además de la necesidad de oxígeno suplementario. La inclusión de los lactantes, que además requieren sonda para alimentación, permite el egreso hospitalario dos semanas antes sin aumento de la morbilidad y una reducción global en los costos de atención. Antes del alta de un niño con requerimientos de oxígeno es esencial una reunión multidisciplinaria para asegurar que haya adecuado apoyo comunitario, que las condiciones domiciliarias son satisfactorias y que los padres están familiarizados con el equipo y son capaces de realizar el apoyo vital básico. Los resultados de ensayos recientes sugieren que para la mayoría de los lactantes, la meta es mantener un nivel de saturación de oxígeno durante la oxigenoterapia domiciliaria entre 91% y 94%. Los niños con hipertensión pulmonar pueden beneficiarse con niveles de saturación de oxígeno mayores. Los padres deben ser advertidos de que los lactantes con DBP pueden requerir muchos meses de oxigenoterapia domiciliaria y que pueden tener mayor morbilidad con respecto a aquellos con DBP pero no dependientes de oxígeno, incluso mayor cantidad de internaciones hospitalarias y de más duración.

Palabras clave
Displasia broncopulmonar, prematurez, síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante


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HOME OXYGEN THERAPY FOR PREMATURELY BORN BABIES WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA

Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dyplasia (BPD) is a common adverse outcome of neonatal intensive care. Affected infants are frequently oxygen dependent at a postconceptional age of term and should be considered for home oxygen therapy if they have no ongoing medical need other than a supplementary oxygen requirement. Inclusion of infants who, in addition, require tube feeding allows infants to be discharged home two weeks earlier with no excess morbidity and an overall reduction in the cost of care. Prior to discharging an infant home in oxygen, it is essential a multidisciplinary meeting is held to ensure there is adequate community support, the home circumstances are suitable and that the parents are familiar with the equipment and capable of basic life support. The results of recent trials suggest, that for the majority of infants, the target oxygen saturation level during home oxygen therapy should be in the range of 91% to 94%. Infants with pulmonary hypertension may benefit from higher target oxygen saturation levels. Parents need to be counselled that BPD infants may require many months of home oxygen and suffer greater morbidity than non-oxygen dependent BPD infants, including a greater number and longer duration of hospital admissions.


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Especialidades
Principal: Pediatría
Relacionadas: Inmunología, Neumonología



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Bibliografía del artículo
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Clasificado en
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Expertos del Mundo

Especialidad principal:
Pediatría


Relacionadas:
Inmunología
Neumonología
 
 
 
 
 
 
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