NUEVAS MODALIDADES TERAPEUTICAS PARA EL CARCINOMA DE HIPOFARINGE

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
La cirugía con radioterapia posoperatoria puede ser aún la opción de preferencia en el subgrupo de pacientes con cánceres del seno piriforme avanzados, en los cuales la quimiorradiación probablemente daría como resultado la dependencia de traqueostomía o gastrostomía. Nuestra conducta es tratar fundamentalmente todas las paredes faríngeas afectadas por el cáncer con radioterapia primaria, con quimioterapia o sin ella.
hinerman.jpg Autor:
Russell w. Hinerman
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Russell w. Hinerman
Coautor
William M. Mendenhall* 
MD, University of Florid*
Recepción del artículo
3 de Octubre, 2003
Primera edición
6 de Enero, 2004
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Por más de 20 años, la conducta en la Universidad de Florida ha sido tratar pacientes con carcinoma del seno piriforme en los estadios favorables T1 y T2 mediante la utilización de radioterapia (RT) sola o combinada con una disección cervical por planos en presencia de enfermedad avanzada en los ganglios linfáticos. Este enfoque, por lo general, deja al paciente con deglución y habla cercanas a lo normal y también provee una cobertura bilateral de los ganglios linfáticos cervicales regionales y retrofaríngeos. Las lesiones más avanzadas no son controladas en forma confiable con radiación sola y han sido históricamente consideradas para realizar una laringofaringectomía total si el paciente es médicamente operable.1 Habitualmente, la radiación se aplica en el posoperatorio, excepto que la enfermedad cervical sea considerada inicialmente irresecable, en cuyo caso se indica radiación el preoperatorio.Recientemente, la radiación y la quimioterapia combinadas han sido establecidas como tratamiento estándar para ciertos tumores con estadios avanzados con enfermedad cervical extensa. Alguno de estos casos, actualmente, puede ser tratado inicialmente con técnicas conservadoras del órgano, reservando la cirugía como tratamiento de rescate. Como resultado, las recomendaciones están evolucionando hacia los programas terapéuticos más apropiados para presentaciones selectas de estadios avanzados. Gran parte del debate se centra en la necesidad de cirugía cervical en pacientes con estadios IV a y IVb luego del tratamiento inicial con altas dosis de radioquimioterapia. La cirugía con radioterapia posoperatoria puede ser aún la opción de preferencia en el subgrupo de pacientes con cánceres del seno piriforme avanzados T4, en los cuales la quimiorradiación probablemente daría como resultado la dependencia de traqueostomía o gastrostomía. La definición de este subgrupo de pacientes no está clara, pero probablemente incluya a aquellos con importante destrucción del cartílago o con compromiso de la vía aérea que requiera tratamiento previo con traqueostomía. Nuestra conducta es tratar fundamentalmente todas las paredes faríngeas afectadas por el cáncer con radioterapia primaria, con quimioterapia o sin ella.

Palabras clave
Carcinoma hipofaríngeo, modalidad combinada, radiación, quimiorradiación, carcinoma laríngeo, quimioterapia


Artículo completo

(castellano)
Extensión:  +/-8.27 páginas impresas en papel A4
Exclusivo para suscriptores/assinantes

Abstract
For over 20 years the policy at the University of Florida has been to treat patients with favorable stage T1-T2 pyriform sinus carcinoma by using radiation therapy (RT) alone, or RT combined with a planned neck dissection if advanced nodal disease is present. This approach usually leaves the patient with nearly normal swallowing and speech, and also provides bilateral coverage of the regional neck and retropharyngeal lymphatics. More advanced lesions are not reliably controlled with radiation alone, and have historically been considered for total laryngopharyngectomy if the patient is medically operable.1 Radiation is usually administered postoperatively unless the neck disease is felt to be unresectable initially, in which case preoperative radiation is given. More recently, concomitant radiation and chemotherapy has been established as standard treatment for certain advanced-stage tumors with extensive neck disease. Some of these cases may now be treated initially with organ-sparing techniques, reserving surgery for salvage. As a result, recommendations are evolving as to the most appropriate treatment program for selected advanced-stage presentations. Much of the debate centers on the need for neck dissection in stage IVa and IVb patients after initial treatment with high-dose radiochemotherapy. For the subset of patients with advanced T4 pyriform sinus cancers in whom a cure with chemoradiation would likely result in tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy dependence, surgery with postoperative irradiation may still be the preferable option. The definition of this subset of patients is unclear, but probably includes those with significant cartilage destruction and/or a compromised airway requiring pretreatment tracheostomy. Our policy is to treat essentially all pharyngeal wall cancers with primary irradiation, with or without chemotherapy.

Key words
Carcinoma hipofaríngeo, modalidad combinada, radiación, quimiorradiación, carcinoma laríngeo, quimioterapia


Full text
(english)
para suscriptores/ assinantes

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Oncología
Relacionadas: Cirugía, Gastroenterología, Oncología, Otorrinolaringología



Comprar este artículo
Extensión: 8.27 páginas impresas en papel A4

file05.gif (1491 bytes) Artículos seleccionados para su compra



Bibliografía del artículo
  1. Journal article. Mendenhall WM, Parsons JT, Devine JW et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Head Neck Surg 1987;10(2):88-92.
  2. Journal article. Wynder EL. The epidemiology of cancers of the upper alimentary and upper respiratory tracts. Laryngoscope 1978;88(1 pt 2 Suppl 8):50-51.
  3. Journal article. Day GL, Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK et al. Second cancers following oral and pharyngeal cancers: role of tobacco and alcohol. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994;86(2):131-137.
  4. Journal article. Schlecht NF, Franco EL, Pintos J et al. Interaction between tobacco and alcohol consumption and the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract in Brazil. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150(11):1129-1141.
  5. Journal article. Vincent RG, Marchetta F. The relationship of the use of tobacco and alcohol to cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx. Am J Surg 1963;106:501-505.
  6. Journal article. Spitz MR, Fueger JJ, Goepfert H et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. A case comparison analysis. Cancer 1988;61(1):203-208.
  7. Journal article. Franceschi S, Bidoli E, Negri E et al. Alcohol and cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract in men and women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1994;3(4):299-304.
  8. Journal article. McKaig RG, Baric RS, Olshan AF. Human papillomavirus and head and neck cancer: epidemiology and molecular biology. Head Neck 1998;203(3):250-265.
  9. Journal article. Goldenberg D, Golz A, Joachims HZ. The beverage mate: a risk factor for cancer of the head and neck. Head Neck 2003;25(7):595-601.
  10. Journal article. Hashibe M, Ford DE, Zhang ZF. Marijuana smoking and head and neck cancer. J Clin Pharmacol 2002;42(11):103S-107S.
  11. Journal article. Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Spitz MR et al. Marijuana use and increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999;8(12):1071-1078.
  12. Journal article. Hoffman HT, Karnell LH, Shah JP et al. Hypopharyngeal cancer patient care evaluation. Laryngoscope 1997;107:1005-1017.
  13. Journal article. Couch ME. Laryngopharyngectomy with reconstruction. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2002;35(5):1097-1114.
  14. Journal article. Kraus DH, Zelefsky MJ, Brock HAJ et al. Combined surgery and radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997;116(6 Part 1):637-641.
  15. Journal article. Disa JJ, Pusic AL, Hidalgo DA et al. Microvascular reconstruction of the hypopharynx: defect classification, treatment algorithm, and functional outcome based on 165 consecutive cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;111(2):652-660.
  16. Journal article. Jones AS, Webb CJ, Fenton JE et al. A report of 50 patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx treated by total pharyngolaryngo-oesophagectomy repaired by gastric transposition. Clin Otolaryngol 2001;26(6):447-451.
  17. Journal article. Hagen R. Functional long-term results following hemipharyngo-hemilaryngectomy and microvascular reconstruction using the radial forearm flap. Laryngorhinootologie 2002;81(3):233-242.
  18. Journal article. Barzan L, Comoretto R. Hemipharyngectomy and hemilaryngectomy for pyriform sinus cancer: Reconstruction with remaining larynx and hypopharynx and with tracheostomy. Laryngoscope 1993;103:83-86.
  19. Journal article. Jacob R, Zorowka P, Welkoborsky HJ et al. Long-term functional outcome of Laccourreye hemipharyngectomy-hemilaryngectomy with reference to oncologic outcome. Laryngorhinootologie 1998;77(2):93-99.
  20. Journal article. Yoo SJ, Lee SH, Koh KS et al. Layrnx preservation surgery in pyriform sinus cancer. Int Surg 2000;85(2):93-98.
  21. Journal article. Sessions DG, Ogura JH. Classification of laryngeal cancer. Can J Otolaryngol 1974;3(4):489-495.
  22. Journal article. Mendenhall WM, Parsons JT, Stringer SP et al. Carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx: A basis for comparing the results of radiotherapy and surgery. Head Neck 1990;12:204-209.
  23. Journal article. Godballe C, Jorgensen K, Hansen O et al. Hypopharyngeal cancer: results of treatment based on radiation therapy and salvage surgery. Laryngoscope 2002;112(5):834-838.
  24. Journal article. Johansen LV, Grau C, Overgaard J. Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma - treatment results in 138 consecutively admitted results. Acta Oncol 2000;39(4):529-536.
  25. Journal article. Bahadur S, Thakar A, Mohanti BK et al. Results of radiotherapy with, or without, salvage surgery versus combined surgery and radiotherapy in advanced carcinoma of the hypopharynx. J Laryngol Otol 2002;116(1):29-32.
  26. Journal article. Rudert H. Laser therapy of pharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. HNO 1994;42(3):141-142.
  27. Journal article. Steiner W. Therapy of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Part V: Discussion of long-term results of transoral laser microsurgery of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. HNO 1994;42(3):157-165.
  28. Journal article. Czaja JM, Gluckman JL. Surgical management of early-stage hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1997;106:909-913.
  29. Journal article. Amdur RJ, Mendenhall WM, Stringer SP et al. Organ preservation with radiotherapy for T1-T2 carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. Head Neck 2001;23(5):353-362.
  30. Journal article. Levine PA, Debo RF, Rebel JF. Pearson near-total laryngectomy: a reproducible speaking shunt. Head Neck 1994;16(4):323-325.
  31. Journal article. Wolf GT, Forastiere A, Ang K et al. Workshop report: Organ preservation strategies in advanced head and neck cancer--current status and future directions. Head Neck 1999;21:689-693.
  32. Journal article. Zelefsky MJ, Kraus DH, Pfister DG et al. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy versus surgery and postoperative radiotherapy for advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 1996;18:405-411.
  33. Journal article. Brizel DM, Albers ME, Fisher SR et al. Hyperfractionated irradiation with or without concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med 1998;338(25):1798-1804.
  34. Journal article. Jeremic B, Shibamoto Y, Milicic B et al. Hyperfractionated radiation therapy with or without concurrent low-dose daily cisplatin in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A prospective randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 2000;18(7):1458-1464.
  35. Journal article. Adelstein DJ, Lavertu P, Saxton JP et al. Mature results of a phase III randomized trial comparing concurrent chemoradiotherapy with radiation therapy alone in patients with stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer 2000;88(4):876-883.
  36. Journal article. Pameijer FA, Mancuso AA, Mendenhall WM et al. Evaluation of pretreatment computed tomography as a predictor of local control in T1/T2 pyriform sinus carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy. Head Neck 1998;20(2):159-168.
  37. Journal article. Steiner W. Results of curative laser microsurgery of laryngeal carcinomas. Am J Otolaryngol 1993;14(2):116-121.
  38. Journal article. Zeitels SM, Koufman JA, Davis RK et al. Endoscopic treatment of supraglottic and hypopharynx cancer. Laryngoscope 1994;104:71-78.
  39. Journal article. Davis RK, Kelly SM, Hayes J. Endoscopic CO2 laser excisional biopsy of early supraglottic cancer. Laryngoscope 1991;101(6 Pt 1):680-683.
  40. Journal article. Rudert HH, Werner JA. Endoscopic resections of glottic and supraglottic carcinomas with the CO2 laser. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1995;252(3):146-148.
  41. Journal article. Peretti G, Nicolai P, Redaelli De Zinis LO et al. Endoscopic CO2 laser excision for Tis, T1, and T2 glottic carcinomas: Cure rate and prognostic factors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;123(1 Pt 1):124-131.
  42. Journal article. Motta G, Esposito E, Cassiano B et al. T1-T2-T3 glottic tumors: Fifteen years experience with CO2 laser. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 1997;Suppl 527:155-159.
  43. Journal article. Gallo A, de Vincentiis M, Manciocco V et al. CO2 laser cordectomy for early-stage glottic carcinoma: A long-term follow-up of 156 cases. Laryngoscope 2003;112:370-374.
  44. Journal article. Pradhan SA, Pai PS, Neeli SI et al. Transoral laser surgery for early glottic cancers. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129(6):623-625.
  45. Journal article. Bachaud J-M, Cohen-Jonathan E, Alzieu C et al. Combined postoperative radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin infusion for locally advanced head and neck carcinoma: Final report of a randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996;36(5):999-1004.
  46. Journal article. Bernier J, Domenge C, Eschwege F et al. Chemo-radiotherapy, as compared to radiotherapy alone, significantly increases disease-free and overall survival in head and neck cancer patients after surgery: Results of EORTC phase III trial 22931. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;51(3 (suppl. 1)):1-
  47. Abstract. Cooper JS, Pajak TF, Forastiere AA, et al. Postoperative concurrent radiochemotherapy in high-risk SCCA of the head and neck: Initial report of RTOG 9501/intergroup phase III trial. Am.Soc.Clin.Oncol.
  48. Book chapter. Parsons JT, Palta JR, Mendenhall WM, et al. Head and neck cancer. In: Levitt and Tapley\'s Technological Basis of Radiation Therapy: Clinical Applications. Eds. Levitt SH, Khan FM, Potish RA, et al. 1999, Baltimore, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 269-299.
  49. Journal article. Mendenhall WM, Parsons JT, Cassisi NJ et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus treated with radical radiation therapy. Radiother Oncol 1987;9:201-208.
  50. Journal article. Eisbruch A, Kim HM, Terrell JE et al. Xerostomia and its predictors following parotid-sparing irradiation of head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;50(3):695-704.
  51. Journal article. Chao KS, Deasy JO, Markman J et al. A prospective study of salivary function sparing in patients with head-and-neck cancers receiving intensity-modulated or three-dimensional radiation therapy: Initial results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;49(4):907-916.
  52. Journal article. Gregoire V, Coche E, Cosnard G et al. Selection and delineation of lymph node target volumes in head and neck conformal radiotherapy. Proposal for standardizing terminology and procedure based on the surgical experience. Radiother Oncol 2000;56(2):135-150.
  53. Journal article. Dawson LA, Anzai Y, Marsh L et al. Patterns of local-regional recurrence following parotid-sparing conformal and segmental intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;46(5):1117-1126.
  54. Journal article. Eisbruch A, Marsh LH, Martel MK et al. Comprehensive irradiation of head and neck cancer using conformal multisegmental fields: Assessment of target coverage and noninvolved tissue sparing. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998;41(3):559-568.
  55. Journal article. Nowak PJ, Wijers OB, Lagerwaard FJ et al. A three-dimensional CT-based target definition for elective irradiation of the neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999;45(1):33-39.
  56. Journal article. Butler EB, Teh BS, Grant WH, III et al. SMART (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost: A new accelerated fractionation schedule for the treatment of head and neck cancer with intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999;45(1):21-32.
  57. Journal article. van Dieren EB, Nowak PJ, Wijers OB et al. Beam intensity modulation using tissue compensators or dynamic multileaf collimation in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy of primary cancers of the oropharynx and larynx, including the elective neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;47(5):1299-1309.
  58. Journal article. Hermans R, Pameijer FA, Mancuso AA et al. Laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Can follow-up CT after definitive radiation therapy be used to detect local failure earlier than clinical examination alone Radiology 2000;214(3):683-687.
  59. Journal article. Pameijer FA, Hermans R, Mancuso AA et al. Pre- and post-radiotherapy computed tomography in laryngeal cancer: Imaging-based prediction of local failure. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999;45(2):359-366.
  60. Journal article. Mendenhall WM, Parsons JT, Mancuso AA et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pharyngeal wall treated with irradiation. Radiother Oncol 1988;11(3):205-212.
  61. Journal article. Fein DA, Mendenhall WM, Parsons JT et al. Pharyngeal wall carcinoma treated with radiotherapy: Impact of treatment technique and fractionation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993;26(5):751-757.
  62. Book chapter. American Joint Committee on Cancer. Manual for Staging of Cancer. In: 1983, Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 37-42.
  63. Book chapter. American Joint Committee on Cancer. American Joint Committee on Cancer. In: AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook. Eds. 1998, Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 25-61.

Título español
Resumen
 Palabras clave
 Bibliografía
 Artículo completo
(exclusivo a suscriptores)
 Autoevaluación
  Tema principal en SIIC Data Bases
 Especialidades

 English title
 Abstract
 Key words
Full text
(exclusivo a suscriptores)

Autor 
Artículos
Correspondencia

Patrocinio y reconocimiento
Imprimir esta página
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Está expresamente prohibida la redistribución y la redifusión de todo o parte de los contenidos de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Información Científica (SIIC) S.A. sin previo y expreso consentimiento de SIIC.
ua31618
Inicio/Home

Copyright siicsalud © 1997-2024 ISSN siicsalud: 1667-9008