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GENETICA DA DEPENDENCIA DO ALCOOL

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
Fatores genéticos estão implicados na vulnerabilidade à dependência do álcool. Essa ação se expressa, do ponto de vista biológico, por fatores complexos, provavelmente envolvendo variantes biológicas dopaminérgicas e do metabolismo do álcool.
messas9.jpg Autor:
Guilherme Peres messas
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Guilherme Peres messas
Coautor
Homero Vallada-Filho* 
Livre-Docente, Universidade Federal do São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil*
Recepción del artículo
26 de Noviembre, 2006 		Aprobación
4 de Enero, 2007
Primera edición
19 de Febrero, 2007 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

GENETICA DA DEPENDENCIA DO ALCOOL

Resumen
Este artigo procura examinar a questão da herdabilidade na dependência do álcool. Estudos em famílias, em gêmeos e de adoção, apresentam evidências suficientes para afirmar a importância dos fatores genéticos na transmissão da vulnerabilidade a esta dependência. Essa transmissão pode ser melhor compreendida através de um modelo epigenético de desenvolvimento do transtorno, no qual condições biológicas hereditárias associem-se a situações ambientais ao longo da vida para a produção da dependência. Neste artigo, apresentamos essas condições biológicas intermediárias vinculadas ao alto risco para dependência do álcool. Por fim, descrevemos os estudos moleculares que vêm estabelecendo associações entre polimorfismos e a dependência do álcool, com relevo para o sistema dopaminérgico.

Palabras clave
dependência do álcool, genética molecular, vulnerabilidade ao álcool, modelo epigenético, receptores dopaminérgicos


Artículo completo
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Alcohol Dependence and Genetics: The State of the Art

Abstract
In this article we examined the heritability of alcohol dependence. A review of family, twin and adoption studies, allowed us to support the thesis of an important genetic component in this dependence. The transmission of this heritability occurs through a biological vulnerability associated to environmental factors, in a model called epigenetic. We also discussed the relationship between biological vulnerability and high-risk phenotypes for alcohol dependence. In the end, we briefly comment on the molecular genetic studies associated with this disorder.

Key words
alcohol dependence, molecular genetics, alcohol vulnerability, epigenetic model, dopaminergic receptors

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Toxicología
Relacionadas: Genética Humana, Medicina Interna, Salud Pública



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Enviar correspondencia a:
Guilherme Peres Messas, Unidade de Álcool e Drogas (UNIAD), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Joaquim Floriano 871 cj. 124, São Paulo, Brasil
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