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ROSUVASTATINA, UN NUEVO INHIBIDOR DE LA HMG-COA REDUCTASA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA HIPERCOLESTEROLEMIA

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
La rosuvastatina es el último inhibidor de la HMG-CoA reductasa (estatinas) introducido en el mercado. En esta revisión se repasan las principales características farmacológicas de esta droga, en comparación con las demás estatinas y los principales estudios de eficacia clínica que se realizaron hasta el momento.
Autor:
James j. Nawarskas
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy

Artículos publicados por James j. Nawarskas
Coautor
Angela Cheng-Lai, Pharm.D.* 
Clinical Pharmacy Manager. Montefiore Medical Center. Department of Pharmacy*
Recepción del artículo
13 de Junio, 2005 		Aprobación
23 de Junio, 2005
Primera edición
24 de Febrero, 2006 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

ROSUVASTATINA, UN NUEVO INHIBIDOR DE LA HMG-COA REDUCTASA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA HIPERCOLESTEROLEMIA

Resumen
Los inhibidores de la 3-hidroxil-3-metilglutaril coenzima A (HMG-CoA) reductasa (estatinas) se transformaron en los fármacos de primera elección para muchos pacientes con dislipidemias) en virtud de su excelente tolerabilidad y eficacia sobre los parámetros lipídicos. La rosuvastatina es la estatina más reciente y posee varias características favorables, como baja liposolubilidad, poca tendencia a las interacciones farmacológicas con el citocromo P450 y una potencia hipolipemiante superior, comparada con otras estatinas. La rosuvastatina fue estudiada en dosis de 1 a 80 mg. En los ensayos clínicos comparados, la rosuvastatina en dosis de 10 a 40 mg/día mostró disminuir el colesterol asociado a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDLc) en un grado significativamente superior al obtenido por atorvastatina, pravastatina y simvastatina, cuando son administradas en dosis equivalentes. Además, la rosuvastatina ejerce acciones benéficas sobre otros parámetros lipídicos como el colesterol asociado a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDLc) y los triglicéridos. Este fármaco puede causar toxicidad muscular, renal y hepática, aunque no se vio que éstas y otras reacciones adversas se presenten con mayor frecuencia con la rosuvastatina en comparación a las otras estatinas, cuando se la utiliza a las dosis aprobadas. Se desconocen los efectos de la rosuvastatina sobre la morbilidad y la mortalidad, los que en la actualidad están siendo analizados. En este artículo se repasan las propiedades farmacológicas y farmacocinéticas de esta nueva estatina.

Palabras clave
Rosuvastatina, estatina, drogas hipolipemiantes, inhibidores de la HMG CoA reductasa


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ROSUVASTATIN-A NEW HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

Abstract
Because of their excellent tolerability and positive impact on lipid parameters, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl conenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) have become the drugs of first choice for many patients with dyslipidemia. Rosuvastatin is the newest statin, which possesses a number of favorable characteristics, including low lipophilicity, high hepatocyte selectivity, minimal metabolism, a low propensity for cytochrome P450 drug interactions, and superior lipid-lowering potency compared to other statins. Rosuvastatin has been studied at doses ranging from 1 to 80 mg. In comparative clinical trials, rosuvastatin at dosages of 10 to 40 mg/day has been shown to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to a significantly greater extent than atorvastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin when given on an equal milligram basis. In addition, rosuvastatin has beneficial effects on other lipid parameters such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. Rosuvastatin may cause myotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity, but these and other adverse reactions have not been shown to occur at higher rates with rosuvastatin compared to other statins when used at approved dosages. The effects of rosuvastatin on morbidity and mortality are unknown and currently under investigation. The pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties of this new statin are review in this article.

Key words
Rosuvastatin, statin, lipid-lowering drugs, HMG CoA reductase inhibitors


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Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Cardiología, Farmacología
Relacionadas: Atención Primaria, Bioquímica, Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Medicina Farmacéutica, Medicina Interna, Nutrición



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