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QUIMIOTERAPIA DEL CANCER COLORRECTAL

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
Los fármacos administrados en forma oral poseen eficacia equivalente al tratamiento adyuvante estándar con 5-FU/LV pero son más convenientes y seguros. La quimioterapia asociada entre el oxaliplatino y el 5-FU demostró ser superior al 5-FU/LV como adyuvante en el cáncer de colon de estadio III.
sunwe9.jpg Autor:
Weijing Sun
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, USA

Artículos publicados por Weijing Sun
Recepción del artículo
21 de Septiembre, 2004 		Primera edición
1 de Junio, 2005 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

QUIMIOTERAPIA DEL CANCER COLORRECTAL

Resumen
En los últimos años se han obtenido avances importantes en la quimioterapia del cáncer colorrectal (CRC), una de las neoplasias más frecuentes del tracto gastrointestinal, tanto en el tratamiento de la enfermedad metastásica como en la terapia adyuvante. Después de las casi 4 décadas en las que el 5-fluoruracilo (5-FU) fuera el único agente quimioterápico disponible, el desarrollo de los agentes citotóxicos irinotecán y oxaliplatino mejoró significativamente los resultados terapéuticos y la supervivencia de los pacientes con CRC. Las fluoropirimidinas orales mostraron no sólo una eficacia comparable al 5-FU intravenoso sino también menor toxicidad general, lo que permitió obtener dichos resultados de manera menos dramática en estos pacientes. El bevacizumab, un anticuerpo monoclonal contra el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico ha sido recientemente introducido para el tratamiento del CRC.

Palabras clave
Cáncer colorrectal, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, bevacizumab, cetuximab, capecitabina


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CHEMOTHERAPY OF COLORECTAL CANCER

Abstract
In the past several years, tremendous advances have been achieved in the chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most common gastrointestinal tract malignancies worldwide, at the settings of both metastatic disease treatment and adjuvant therapy. After near 4 decades of having 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as the only available systemic chemotherapy agent, the development of new cytotoxic agents, irinotecan and oxaliplatin, have significantly improved the overall outcome and survival of CRC patients. The oral fluoropyrimidines have shown not only the equivalent efficacy compared to the intravenous 5-FU, but also less overall toxicities and more convenient. A dramatic accomplishment has been demonstrated in the therapy of patients with CRC with novel biological agents. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cetuxmab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor have been introduced to the treatment of CRC.

Key words
Colorectal cancer, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, bevacizumab, cetuximab, capecitabine


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Especialidades
Principal: Oncología
Relacionadas: Farmacología, Gastroenterología, Medicina Farmacéutica, Medicina Interna



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