GANANCIA PONDERAL DESPUES DE LA CIRUGIA FUNCIONAL EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON

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La cirugía funcional de la EP provoca un aumento ponderal que es benigno en la mayoría de casos. La reducción del gasto energético con respecto a la situación prequirúrgica podría ser responsable de este fenómeno.
gironell9.jpg Autor:
Alexandre Gironell,
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Alexandre Gironell,
Coautores
Berta Pascual-Sedano*  Jaime Kulisevsky.** 
Licenciado en Medicina y Cirugía. Servicio de Neurología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona. Catalunya.*
Doctor en Medicina y Cirugía Servicio de Neurología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona. Catalunya**
Recepción del artículo
4 de Marzo, 2004
Primera edición
4 de Junio, 2004
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Objetivo: Realizamos un estudio prospectivo para determinar las posibles causas de la ganancia ponderal después de la cirugía funcional de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Métodos: Se estudiaron 27 pacientes con un seguimiento posoperatorio de 12 meses. Se relacionó el aumento ponderal con los cambios de la situación motora, dosis de levodopa, discinesias, disfagia y estado de ánimo. Los pacientes completaron un cuestionario sobre la gravedad y las causas del aumento ponderal. Resultados: Se registró un aumento ponderal en 26 pacientes (media 4.7 kg). Se halló una correlación significativa con la mejora de la escala de discinesias (AIMS) (r = 0.461, p = 0.023) y de la parte motora de la escala UPDRS (r = 0.479; p = 0.028), así como una correlación inversa significativa con el peso inicial del paciente (r = -0.399, p = 0.050). La ganancia ponderal fue superior con la cirugía palidal bilateral respecto de la unilateral (p = 0.021). La mayoría de los pacientes consideraron el aumento ponderal como un efecto adverso leve y secundario a la mejora de las discinesias. Conclusiones: La cirugía funcional de la EP provoca un aumento ponderal que es benigno en la mayoría de casos. La reducción del gasto energético con respecto a la situación prequirúrgica podría ser responsable de este fenómeno.

Palabras clave
Enfermedad de Parkinson, peso. Palidotomía, estimulación cerebral profunda, subtálamo


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Abstract
Background: The origin of weight gain after functional surgery for Parkinson's disease (PD) is incompletely known. We have done a prospective study to determine the possible causes of weight gain after pallidal and subthalamic surgery. Methods: Twenty-seven patients were studied with a follow-up of 12 months. The relationship between weight gain and changes in motor situation, levodopa dosage, dyskinesias, dysphagia and mood state were analized. The patients filled a questionaire about the severity and etiology of weight gain. Results: Weight gain was noted in 26 patients (mean of 4.7 kg). It was found a significant correlation between weight gain and improvement of dyskinesias (AIMS) (r = 0.461, p = 0.023), the scores of the UPDRS part III, (r = 0.479; p = 0.028), and a significant inverse correlation with the pre-operative weight of the patient (r = -0.399, p = 0.050). Weight gain was most pronounced with bilateral than unilateral pallidal surgery (p = 0.021). The majority of patients referred weight gain as an slight adverse event and secondary to the improvement of dyskinesias. Conclusion: Functional surgery for PD, independently of the surgical target, provokes weight gain which is benign in the majority of cases. Reduction of energy expenditure with respect to the pre-operative situation would be the responsible of that phenomenon.

Key words
Parkinson's disease, weight, pallidotomy, deep brain stimulation, subthalamus


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Neurología
Relacionadas: Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Medicina Interna, Neurocirugía, Nutrición, Salud Mental



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