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TEORIAS EVOLUCIONISTAS DE LAS ESQUIZOFRENIAS

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Se presenta una revisión crítica de las principales hipótesis evolucionistas en relación con la esquizofrenia para intentar finalmente una integración con otros modelos etiopatogénicos.
Autor:
Julio Sanjuan arias
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Julio Sanjuan arias
Recepción del artículo
24 de Mayo, 2002 		Primera edición
28 de Junio, 2002 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

TEORIAS EVOLUCIONISTAS DE LAS ESQUIZOFRENIAS

Resumen
La distribución universal de la esquizofrenia, asociada a la baja fertilidad de estos pacientes, plantea la paradoja de por qué no disminuye la prevalencia del trastorno. Se hace una revisión crítica de las hipótesis evolucionistas que han intentado resolver la cuestión. Algunas teorías han postulado una ventaja fisiológica o social de la esquizofrenia. Otras han analizado esta enfermedad desde el marco de la psicología evolucionista. Se destacan aquellas que han buscado una asociación de los postulados darwinistas con datos genéticos o de neurodesarrollo. Se plantea finalmente una posibilidad de integración de los modelos evolucionistas y neuropsicológicos.

Palabras clave
Evolucionismo, esquizofrenia, neurodesarrollo, Darwin, Crow


Artículo completo
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Extensión:  +/-8.06 páginas impresas en papel A4
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Abstract
The universal distribution of the schizophrenia associated with the low fertility of these patients outlines the paradox: why does the prevalence of this dysfunction not diminish. The main hypotheses that have intended to solve this question are critically reviewed. Some theories have postulated a physiologic or social advantage of the schizophrenia. Others have analysed this illness from the perspective of the evolutionary psychology. We emphasize those theories that have looked for an association of a Darwinian approach with genetic or neurodevelopmental data. Finally a possibility of integration of the evolutionary and neuropsychological models is proposed.

Key words
Evolutionism, schizophrenia, neurodevelopment, Darwin, Crow

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Especialidades
Principal: Salud Mental
Relacionadas: Epidemiología, Genética Humana, Neurología



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