FATORES GENETICOS DE PREDISPOSIÇAO AO CANCER DA TIROIDE

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O uso de perfis genéticos, juntamente com os clássicos fatores clínicos e epidemiológicos de risco, poderá nos auxiliar na importante decisão de escolher, entre os portadores de nódulos da tiróide, os indivíduos que possuem risco de desenvolver câncer.
ward9.jpg Autor:
L s Ward
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por L s Ward
Recepción del artículo
26 de Enero, 2004
Primera edición
29 de Marzo, 2004
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Em contraste com os 5-10% da população que apresenta nódulos, o câncer da tiróide é responsável por menos do que 1.6% dos cânceres. Assim, é prioritário encontrar métodos de rastreamento capazes de identificar indivíduos de risco para câncer entre os portadores de nódulos. Algumas características clinicas e epidemiológicas, entre outros fatores, têm se mostrado importantes nesta identificação. Mais recentemente, técnicas de biologia molecular vem permitindo a identificação dos polimorfismos genéticos que compõem a base da susceptibilidade ao câncer. Usando uma PCR triplex que inclui o gene da ß-globina como controle da qualidade do DNA para estudar GSTM1 e GSTT1 e PCR-SSCP-sequenciamento para identificar os polimorfismos do GSTP1, comparamos os genótipos de pacientes com nódulos malignos, incluindo carcinomas papilíferos (PC) e carcinomas foliculares (FC), com nódulos benignos e com controles saudáveis. Os pacientes com PC e FC apresentavam mais freqüentemente variantes do alelo GSTP1 do que a população controle (p<0.0001). A herança do genótipo nulo combinado para GSTT1 e GSTM1 também aumentou o risco de câncer da tiróide (p<0.005). Sugerimos que o perfil de GST realizado através de um simples exame de sangue periférico pode ser um instrumento útil na identificação de indivíduos susceptíveis ao câncer da tiróide.

Palabras clave
Câncer Diferenciado; Marcadores Moleculares;


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Abstract
In contrast to the 5-10% of the population presenting detectable nodules, thyroid cancer is responsible for no more than 1.6% of all kinds of cancers. Therefore, screening tools designed to identify individuals at risk for thyroid nodule cancer are of utmost necessity. Some clinical and epidemiologic features, among other factors, have proved to be important in the identification of individuals at risk. More recently, molecular biology methods allowed us to identify genetic polymorphisms that compose the biochemical basis for the susceptibility to cancer. Using a triplex PCR that included ß-globin gene as a DNA quality control to study GSTM1 and GSTT1 and a PCR-SSCP-sequencing approach to study GSTP1 polymorphisms, we compared the genotypes of patients with malignant nodules, including papillary carcinomas (PC) and follicular carcinomas (FC), to benign nodules and to healthy control individuals. Patients with PC and FC showed a significant over-representation of the variants of GSTP1 allele compared to the control population (p<0.0001). Also, we found an increased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals with the GSTT1 and GSTM1 combined null inheritance (p<0.005). We suggest that GST profiling from peripheral blood may be a simple and useful tool in the screening for thyroid nodule malignancy.

Key words
Differentiated Cancer; Molecular Markers; Pre


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Oncología
Relacionadas: Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Genética Humana, Medicina Interna



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Bibliografía del artículo
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