IMPACTO DAS IMAGENS DA VELHICE NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA E BEM ESTAR DOS IDOSOS

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As imagens da velhice descrevem os idosos como dependentes e desanimados, porém os estudos sobre a qualidade de vida demonstram que se mantêm competentes e felizes. Torna-se fundamental remover as atitudes e práticas ageistas, que influenciam de modo negativo a vivência da velhice.
sousa9.jpg Autor:
Liliana Sousa
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro


Artículos publicados por Liliana Sousa
Recepción del artículo
3 de Enero, 2006
Aprobación
2 de Enero, 2006
Primera edición
15 de Mayo, 2006
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Na literatura a qualidade de vida nos idosos emerge, no global, como positiva, indicando que se mantêm competentes e felizes. Torna-se, pois, importante confrontar estes resultados com as imagens da velhice, uma vez que na sociedade ocidental os idosos têm sido estereotipados como senis, inúteis e dependentes. Estes estudos escasseiam no que concerne à população portuguesa. Assim, desenvolveu-se um estudo exploratório para identificar as imagens de sujeitos de vários grupos etários em relação à velhice e ao processo de envelhecimento. Um questionário de completamento de frases foi administrado a uma amostra de 120 sujeitos, 30 de cada um dos seguintes grupos etários: jovens, adultos, jovens-idosos e muito-idosos. Os principais resultados indicam que: i) os diferentes grupos etários tendem a partilhar as mesmas imagens; ii) as imagens são implícitas e negativas; iii) as imagens mais comuns são "fase normal da vida", "incapacidade e dependência" e "desânimo e vulnerabilidade". Estas imagens contrariam a vivência da velhice indicada pelos estudos de qualidade de vida nos idosos, sendo que a sua presença facilita atitudes ageistas, que promovem a dependência e incompetência nos idosos.

Palabras clave
preconceito, envelhecimento, qualidade de vida, estereotipagem, idoso


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Abstract
In the research literature, the quality of life and well-being of the elderly are generally reported positively, revealing that they remain competent and content 1,2,3. It is important to confront these results with social images of ageing 1,4,5, since in Western society, older people have been stereotyped as senile, useless and dependent. For the Portuguese population such studies are scarce, so an exploratory study was developed in order to identify the images of ageing held by different age groups regarding old age and the ageing process. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 120 subjects, 30 from each one of the following age groups: young, adult, young-old and old-old. The main findings suggest that: i) the different age groups share similar images; ii) images tend to be implicit and negative; iii) the most common images are "normal phase of life", "incapacity and dependence" and "melancholy and vulnerability". These images do not support the experience of ageing revealed by studies on the quality of life of older people and promote ageist attitudes that support dependence and incompetence amongst the elderly.

Key words
ageism, aging, quality of life, stereotyping, elderly


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Infectología
Relacionadas: Bioética, Medicina Familiar, Salud Mental



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Enviar correspondencia a:
L Sousa, Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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