COXIBS - ASPECTOS FARMACOLOGICOS E TERAPEUTICOS

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kummer.jpg Autor:
Carmen luize Kummer
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Carmen luize Kummer
Coautor
Fernando Antonio Spencer* 
Médico Cirurgião Geral, Doutor em Cirurgia, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brasil, Pernambuco, Brasil*
Recepción del artículo
6 de Agosto, 2003
Primera edición
8 de Octubre, 2003
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Justificativa e objetivos. Devido à alta incidência de efeitos colaterais relacionados aos antiinflamatórios não hormonais (AINES), a descoberta de duas isoformas da enzima ciclooxigenase, classificadas como: COX-1 ou constitutiva e COX-2 ou indutiva, formulou o paradigma de que as propriedades antiinflamatórias dos AINES seriam mediadas através da inibição da enzima COX-2; e os efeitos colaterais, do bloqueio da COX-1. Entretanto a isoforma COX-2 tem sido detectada constitutivamente em tecidos normais, levantando a dúvida sobre o quão realmente são seguros os inibidores específicos desta enzima. O objetivo desta revisão é relatar as mais recentes evidências clínicas e experimentais envolvendo a COX-2 e os compostos inibidores desta isoforma. Conteúdo. São exibidos os novos conceitos sobre as diferenças estruturais entre COX-1 e COX-2, a existência destas isoformas nos diversos tecidos, os resultados de experimentos em animais e humanos, além da observação clínica dos compostos inibidores específicos COX-2 (coxibs). Conclusão. Os coxibs representam importante avanço farmacológico no tratamento antiinflamatório, reduzindo a incidência de graves lesões gastrointestinais, e apresentando possível indicação na prevenção de neoplasias. No entanto, persistem efeitos colaterais indistinguíveis dos AINES convencionais e são drogas de alto custo. Como toda medicação de recente lançamento no arsenal médico, maiores avaliações são necessárias para o estabelecimento da real segurança destes compostos.

Palabras clave
Ciclooxigenase, anti-inflamatórios não esteróides


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Abstract
Backgrounds and objectives: Due to the high incidence of collateral effects NSAID-associated, the discovery of two cyclooxygenase isoforms, classified as: COX-1 or constitutive and COX-2 or inductive, formulated the paradigm that the anti-inflammatory properties of NSAID would be mediated by COX-2 inhibition, and the adverse effects, by the block of COX-1. However, COX-2 has been detected constitutively in normal tissues and, uncertainties have emerged about the real safe profile of the specific COX-2 inhibitors. The aim of this review is to report new clinical and experimental evidences involving COX-2 isoenzyme and its specific inhibitors. Contents: New concepts about structural differences between COX-1 and 2, the existence of these isoforms in different organic tissues and experiments in animal and humans are reported, besides clinical observations of specific COX-2 inhibitors agents. Conclusion: Coxibs represent important pharmacological advance for the antiiflammatory treatment, reducing serious gastrintestinal adverse effects, and probably playing a role in the prevention of cancer and neurologic diseases. However, undistinguished collateral effects from conventional NSAIDs have still persisted, and they are expensive drugs. Like all new medication, careful surveillance and future large-scale outcome analyses will be requisite to determine their ultimate benefit and safety profile

Key words
Ciclooxigenase, anti-inflamatórios não esteróides


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Farmacología
Relacionadas: Medicina Interna, Ortopedia y Traumatología, Reumatología



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