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EVALUACION DE LA ACTIVIDAD GENOTOXICA DE LA HIDRAZIDA MALICA, EL ETIL METANOSULFONATO, LA N-NITROSODIETILAMIDA Y EL GLIFOSATO SOBRE PLANTAS DEL GENERO TRADESCANTIA

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La prueba del cometa en los núcleos de las células de los pelos estaminales de Tradescantia es una herramienta útil para los estudios de monitoreo además de ser simple, sensible y más rápida que la prueba de mutación rosa en la misma planta.
alvarezmoya.jpg Autor:
Carlos Alvarez moya
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Carlos Alvarez moya
Coautores
Anne Santerre-Lucas* Guillermo Zúñiga-González** Olivia Torres-Bugarín** Eduardo Padilla Camberos*** Alfredo Feria-Velasco**** 
Dr. en Genética, Laboratorio de Genética, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara*
Dr. en Ciencias Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Centro de investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social**
Biólogo, Unidad de Morfología de Alta Resolución, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara***
Dr. en Ciencias Biomédicas, Unidad de Morfología de Alta Resolución, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara****
Recepción del artículo
4 de Julio, 2003 		Aprobación
21 de Octubre, 2003
Primera edición
9 de Febrero, 2004 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

EVALUACION DE LA ACTIVIDAD GENOTOXICA DE LA HIDRAZIDA MALICA, EL ETIL METANOSULFONATO, LA N-NITROSODIETILAMIDA Y EL GLIFOSATO SOBRE PLANTAS DEL GENERO TRADESCANTIA

Resumen
Objetivo. Diseñar y estandarizar la prueba del cometa en núcleos celulares de los pelos estaminales de Tradescantia (4430) para emplearla en la evaluación de genotóxicos ambientales. Material y métodos. Las plantas de Tradescantia (clon 4430) fueron tratadas con: NDEA (1, 5, 10 mM), MH (1, 5, 10 mM), EMS (15, 30, 45 mM) y varias diluciones de glifosato utilizadas en la prueba de mutación rosa y en la del cometa en núcleos celulares de los pelos estaminales. Resultados. Ambas pruebas presentaron gran sensibilidad a los mutágenos estudiados, y se hizo evidente la relación dosis-eventos rosa–longitud de la cauda. La prueba de mutación rosa en Tradescantia fue muy sensible a MH y EMS, pero dosis bajas de NDEA y distintas diluciones de glifosato no fueron detectadas; la prueba del cometa en la misma planta permite detectar fácilmente la actividad de todos los agentes estudiados. Conclusión. La prueba del cometa en los núcleos de las células de los pelos estaminales de Tradescantia es una herramienta útil para los estudios de monitoreo además de ser simple, sensible y más rápida que la prueba de mutación rosa en la misma planta.

Palabras clave
Mutágenos ambientales, pruebas de genotoxicidad, prueba del cometa, bioensayos en plantas


Artículo completo
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Abstract
Objective. Design and standardization of the comet assay system on nuclei from Tradescantia staminal hairs (clone 4430) and its application to screen genotoxic agents. Material and Methods. Tradescantia cups was treated with: NDEA 1, 5, 10 mM, MH 1, 5, 10 mM, EMS 15, 30,45 mM and some dilutions of glyphosate utilized on both pink mutation assay and comet assay using cellular nuclei from Tradescantia staminal hairs. Results. Both assays showed a great sensitivity to the mutagens studied and a relationship between the dose-pink event and the dose-tail length was evident. Although, the Tradescantia mutation assay is a sensible test with MH and EMS, low doses of NDEA and different concentrations of ghyphosate were not able to induce a significant increase in the event pink frequencies, however the comet assay in nuclei of this plant was able to detect easily the mutagenic effect of NDEA at the same dose. Thus it is clear that the comet assay is highly sensible to the lowest dose of chemical mutagens. Conclusion. The comet assay on nuclei from Tradescantia staminal hairs is an useful tool to monitor genotoxic agents; it is simple, faster than the pink mutation test and highly sensitive.

Key words
Mutágenos ambientales, pruebas de genotoxicidad, prueba del cometa, bioensayos en plantas

Clasificación en siicsalud
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Especialidades
Principal: Toxicología
Relacionadas: Bioquímica



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