SINDROME DE OVARIO POLIQUISTICO COMO MODELO CLINICO DE EXPOSICION PRENATAL A ANDROGENOS

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Recientemente, hemos podido establecer que las embarazadas con síndrome de ovario poliquístico presentan niveles androgénicos significativamente más altos que las embarazadas normales, lo que abre la posibilidad que los hijos de estas mujeres pudiesen haber estado sometidos a un ambiente esteroidal anormal durante su vida fetal.
sir9.jpg Autor:
Sir petermann, teresa
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Facultad de Medicina Occidente Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile


Artículos publicados por Sir petermann, teresa
Coautores
Manuel Alejandro Maliqueo Yevilao*  Pedro Pablo Rojas García**  Sergio Edmundo Recabarren Morgado*** 
Profesor Asistente. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile*
Profesor Asistente. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción**
Profesor Titular. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción***
Recepción del artículo
30 de Agosto, 2004
Aprobación
30 de Septiembre, 2004
Primera edición
28 de Febrero, 2005
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Se ha propuesto que la exposición prenatal a andrógenos (EPA) durante la vida fetal en forma experimental, accidental o patológica podría producir una serie de cambios del eje reproductivo y de la homeostasis glucídica del feto femenino que se harían evidentes en su vida posnatal y semejarían aquellos descritos en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP). Si bien la EPA podría estar involucrada en el desarrollo del SOP no se ha establecido si la madre con SOP podría constituir una fuente de exceso de andrógenos para el feto. En la hiperplasia virilizante congénita, un modelo clásico de EPA, podría ser la corteza suprarrenal hiperandrogénica del propio feto el origen del exceso prenatal de andrógenos, mientras que en el SOP este origen parece más incierto. Recientemente, hemos podido establecer que las embarazadas con SOP presentan niveles androgénicos significativamente más altos que las embarazadas normales, lo que abre la posibilidad que los hijos de estas mujeres pudiesen haber estado sometidos a un ambiente esteroidal anormal durante su vida fetal, el cual podría afectar tanto al feto femenino como masculino. Futuros estudios permitirán evaluar el efecto a largo plazo de este exceso de andrógenos prenatales sobre la descendencia de madres con SOP con el fin de establecer si el SOP debería ser tratado durante el embarazo con el fin de evitar el exceso de andrógenos.

Palabras clave
Síndrome de ovario poliquístico, exposición prenatal a andrógenos, androgenización fetal


Artículo completo

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Abstract
It has been proposed that androgen excess during fetal life either experimentally, accidentally or pathologically will produce changes in the reproductive axis and glucose homeostasis of the adult female which resemble those observed in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although androgen excess during pregnancy has been proposed to be involved in the development of PCOS, it has not been established if PCOS mothers could provide a potential source of androgen excess for the fetus. In women with a classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency, the fetal suprarrenal cortex of the fetus will be the source of the androgen excess. In the case of the PCOS, this origin is uncertain. We have recently demonstrated a significant increase in serum androgen concentrations during pregnancy in PCOS women compared to normal pregnant women, which opens the possibility that children of PCOS women could be exposed to an abnormal steroid milieu during fetal life affecting either the female or male fetus. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential long effect of this prenatal androgen excess on baby girls and boys born to PCOS mother in order to establish if PCOS women should be treated during pregnancy in order to avoid the androgen excess.

Key words
Polycystic ovary syndrome, prenatal androgen excess, fetal androgen excess


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Farmacología, Obstetricia y Ginecología
Relacionadas: Bioquímica, Diagnóstico por Laboratorio, Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Medicina Interna



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Sir Petermann, Teresa
Patrocinio y reconocimiento:
Agradecimientos: Esta línea de investigación está financiada por el Fondo de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico de Chile (FONDECYT) mediante los proyectos 1030487, 1020232 y 1970291.
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