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DESIGUALDAD EN EL INGRESO Y MORTALIDAD EN LOS EE.UU., 1990-2000

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El autor plantea un análisis interesante acerca de la influencia de la desigualdad en los ingresos sobre las tasas de mortalidad de la población, y desglosa el análisis agregando la raza, el sexo, el nivel de educación y la edad como variables estadísticas.
muller9.jpg Autor:
Andreas Muller
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Andreas Muller
Recepción del artículo
11 de Diciembre, 2003 		Aprobación
2 de Enero, 2004
Primera edición
24 de Febrero, 2004 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

DESIGUALDAD EN EL INGRESO Y MORTALIDAD EN LOS EE.UU., 1990-2000

Resumen
El presente estudio trata de determinar si la relación entre la desigualdad en el ingreso y la tasa de mortalidad ajustada por edad cambió en los EE.UU. entre los años 1990 y 2000; y si la desigualdad en el ingreso tiene un efecto independiente sobre la tasa de mortalidad ajustada para la edad de cada estado de los EE.UU., cuando el ingreso per cápita, el nivel de educación, la raza y el lugar de residencia están controlados estadísticamente. Mediante análisis de regresión múltiple ponderado según la cantidad de población se estima la tasa de mortalidad ajustada por edad de 50 de los estados de EE.UU. y del distrito de Columbia durante los períodos 1989-1990 y 1999-2000. El coeficiente de Gini se utilizó para medir la desigualdad de ingresos a nivel familiar.En contraste a lo ocurrido durante el período 1989-1990, el análisis no halló una relación significativa entre la desigualdad en los ingresos y la tasa de mortalidad ajustada por la edad para los años 1999-2000. El hallazgo permanece igual cuando se controlan estadísticamente los factores de confusión socioeconómicos y demográficos. La desigualdad en el ingreso no aparenta ser un determinante independiente de la salud de la población de los EE.UU. Las variaciones en el nivel educativo, la composición racial, el lugar de residencia y el ingreso per cápita de la población son suficientes para explicar los efectos de la desigualdad del ingreso cuando éstos están presentes.

Palabras clave
Desigualdad en el ingreso, tasa de mortalidad, estados, EE.UU.


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Income inequality and mortality in U.S. States, 1990-2000

Abstract
The study tries to determine whether (1) the relationship between income inequality and age-adjusted death rates changes in the Unites States Between 1990 and 2000 and whether (2) income inequality has an independent effect on states\' age-adjusted death rates when per capita income, educational attainment, race, and population residence are statistical controlled. Multiple regression analysis weighted by state population estimates age-adjusted death rates of 50 states an d de District of Columbia for the years 1989-1990 and 1999-2000. The Gini coefficient for households is the measure of income inequality employed. In contrast to the years 1989-1990, the analysis finds no statistically significant relationship between income inequality and age adjusted death rates or the years 1999-2000. The finding remains the same when socioeconomic and demographic confounders are statistically controlled. Income inequality does not appear to be an independent determinant of population health in the U.S. Variation in state populations\' educational attainment, racial composition, population residence and per capita income are sufficient to account for income inequality effects when present.

Key words
Desigualdad en el ingreso, tasa de mortalidad, estados, EE.UU.


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Especialidades
Principal: Epidemiología
Relacionadas: Administración Hospitalaria, Salud Pública



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Título español
Resumen
 Palabras clave
 Bibliografía
 Artículo completo
(exclusivo a suscriptores)
 Autoevaluación
  Tema principal en SIIC Data Bases
 Especialidades

 English title
 Abstract
 Key words
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