MELANOMA DE COROIDE

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
arcieri.jpg Autor:
Enyr saran Arcieri
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Enyr saran Arcieri
Coautores
Rafael Saran Arcieri* Cristiano Toesca Espinhosa** 
Acadêmico do Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Dourados, Brasil*
Médico Oftalmologista, Estagiário do Setor de Retina e Vítreo da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brasil**
Recepción del artículo
24 de Julio, 2003
Primera edición
21 de Octubre, 2003
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
O melanoma maligno de coróide é o tumor primário intra-ocular mais comum em adultos, embora seja um tumor raro, com incidência calculada em 6 casos por 1.000.000 de habitantes por ano nos Estados Unidos. A apresentação é mais comum durante a 6 década de vida, sendo mais freqüente em brancos e raro em negros e asiáticos. Em alguns pacientes ele é assintomático, enquanto em outros pode causar baixa de visão, defeitos no campo visual, fotopsia ou dor. A propedêutica principal para o diagnóstico é a oftalmoscopia indireta, e a ultra-sonografia é outro método de grande valia, principalmente nos pacientes que apresentem opacidade de meios. Os tumores podem ser compostos por células fusiformes - menos agressivos, células epitelióides - mais agressivos, ou células mistas - prognóstico intermediário. Para o tratamento dos casos de melanoma de coróide, pode ser utilizado placas radioativas (Ex: iodo-125, cobalto-60), termoterapia transpupilar, enucleação, exenteração, quimioterapia ou imunoterapia. A conduta deve ser individualizada para cada caso. Em relação ao tamanho do tumor, tem sido referida sobrevida em 20 anos de 80% para os pequenos e 40% para os grandes, com prognóstico pior nos pacientes com mais de 65 anos. Metástases a distância ou a extensão extra escleral do tumor são as principais causas de morte.

Palabras clave
Melanoma/diagnóstico, neoplasia ocular, neoplasias da coróide/diagnóstico, diagnóstico diferencial


Artículo completo

(castellano)
Extensión:  +/-5.86 páginas impresas en papel A4
Exclusivo para suscriptores/assinantes

Abstract
Malignant melanoma of the choroid is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults, although it is a rare tumor, with an estimated incidence of 6 cases / 1.000.000 inhabitants per year in United States. Presentation is most commonly during the sixth decade of life. The tumor is more frequent in Caucasians and is extremely rare in African Americans and Asians. In some patients the tumor does not cause any symptoms, while in others it causes decreased visual acuity, defects in the visual field, photopsia or pain. Indirect ophthalmoscopy is one of the most important methods for diagnosis and ultrasonography also has great value. The latter is helpful in detecting tumors in eyes with hazy media. The tumors can be composed by spindle cells - have the best prognosis; epithelioid cells - have the worst prognosis; or mixed cells - have an intermediate prognosis. The management of choroial melanomas may include radioactive plaques (iodine-125, cobalt-60), transpupilary thermoterapy, enucleation, exenteration, chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The treatment should be individualized for each case.According to the size of the tumor, the survival rates at 20 years are 80% in small tumors and 40% in large tumors. Patients over 65 years have a worse prognosis than younger patients. Distant metastases from the ocular tumor or extraocular extension of the tumor are the main death causes

Key words
Melanoma/diagnóstico, neoplasia ocular, neoplasias da coróide/diagnóstico, diagnóstico diferencial


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Oftalmología
Relacionadas: Cirugía, Dermatología, Epidemiología, Medicina Interna, Oncología



Comprar este artículo
Extensión: 5.86 páginas impresas en papel A4

file05.gif (1491 bytes) Artículos seleccionados para su compra



Bibliografía del artículo
  1. Mc Lean IW, Zimmermann LE, Jakobiec FA. Atlas of tumor pathology. Tumors of the eye and ocular adnexa. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology 1994:101-35.
  2. Shields JA, Shields CL. Intraocular tumors : a text and atlas. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company 1992:117-207.
  3. Schellini SA, Jorge EN, Milanezi, MFG, Marques MEA. Melanoma de coróide na criança - relato de caso e revisão da literatura. Arq Bras Oftalm 1996; 59:625-28.
  4. Coleman DJ, Silverman RH, Rondeau MJ et al. Ultrasonic tissue characterization of uveal melanoma and prediction of patient survival after enucleation and brachytherapy. Am J Ophthalmol 1991; 112:682-88.
  5. Cruickshanks KJ, Fryback DG, Nondahl DM et al. Treatment Choice and Quality of Life in Patients With Choroidal Melanoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1999; 117:461-67.
  6. Kanski JJ. Tumor of the Eye. In: Kanski JJ. Clinical Ophthalmology: a systematic approach, 3rd ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1994; capítulo 7, 201-32.
  7. Chard DH. In: Clinical Ocular Oncology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven 1997:89-171.
  8. Singh AD, Donoso LA. Genetics aspects of uveal melanoma. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1993;33:47-52.
  9. Callender GR. Malignant melanotic tumors of the eye: A study of histologic types in 111 cases. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1931;36:131-42.
  10. Callender GR, Wilder HC, Ash JE. Five hundred melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body: Followed five years or longer. Am J Ophthalmol 1942;25:562-7.
  11. Zimmermann LE, Sobin LH. Histological typing of tumours of the eye and adnexa. International histological classification of tumors. Nr 24. WHO. Geneva 1980.
  12. McLean IW, Foster WD, Zimmerman LE, Gamel JW. Modifications of Callender classification of uveal melanoma at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Am J Ophthalmol 1983;96:502-9.
  13. Mc Lean IW, Zimmerman LE, Evans RM. Reappraisal of Callender\'s spindle A type of malignant melanoma of choroidal and ciliary body. Am J Ophthalmol 1977;95:48-58.
  14. Font RL, Spaulding AG, Zimmermann LE. Diffuse infiltrating melanoma of uveal tract: a clinicopathologic report of 54 cases. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1968;72:877-94.
  15. Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group. Histopathologic Characteristics of Uveal Melanomas in Eyes Enucleated From the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study. COMS Report No. 6. Am J Ophthalmol 1998; 125:745-66.
  16. Shields JA, Augsburger JJ, Brown GC, Stephens RF. The differential diagnosis of posterior uveal melanoma. Ophthalmology. 1980;87:518-22.
  17. Hill JC, Stannard C, Bowen RM. Ciliary body malignant melanoma in a black child. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1991; 28:38-40.
  18. Shields JA, Shields CL, Donoso LA. Management of posterior uveal melanoma - Major review. Surv Ophthalmol 1991;36:161-5.
  19. Byrne SF, Green RL. In: Ultrassound of eye and orbit. St Louis: Mosby 1992:133-201.
  20. Guthoff R, Berger R, Helmek K. Combined b-scan ultrasonography and doppler frequency analysis in the examination of intraocular tumours and central retinal vessels. Invest Ophthalmology 1985;92:1763-67.
  21. Shields JA, Shields CL. Intraocular tumors: a text and atlas. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company 1992:159-60.
  22. De Potter P, Gonzales CF, Flanders AE, Shields JA, Shields CL. Imaging studies of intraocular tumors. In: Alberti WE & Sagerman RH. Radiotherapy of intraocular and orbital tumors. Heidelberg, Springer - Velarg 1995:295-309.
  23. Santo RM, Bechara SJ. Tumores intra-oculares. Arq Bras Oftalm 1998; 61:242-55.
  24. Shields JA, Shields CL. Intraocular tumors: a text and atlas. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1992, 138-53.
  25. Zimmermann LE, Mc Lean IW. Statistical analysis of follow-up date concerning uveal melanomas and the influence of enucleation. Ophthalmlogy 1980;87:557-64.
  26. Seigel D, Myres M, Ferris F. Survival rates after enucleation of eyes with malignant melanoma. Am J Ophthalmol 1989;89:319-22.
  27. Shields JA, Shields CL. Current alternatives in the management of posterior uveal melanomas. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaringol 1990;42:938-44.
  28. Shields CL, Shields JA, Cater J, Lois N, Deltein C, Günduz K, Mercado G. Transpupilary thermoterapy for choroidal melanoma: tumor control and visual results in 100 consecutive cases. Ophthalmology 1998;105:581-90.
  29. Shields CL, Shields JA, Perez N, Singh AD, Cater J. Primary transpupillary thermotherapy for small choroidal melanoma in 256 consecutive cases. Ophthalmology 2002;109:225-34.
  30. Jampol LM, Moy CS, Murray TG, Reynolds SM, Albert DM, Schachat AP, Diddie KR, Engstrom RE Jr, Finger PT, Hovland KR, Joffe L, Olsen KR, Wells CG. The COMS randomized trial of iodine 125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma: IV. Local treatment failure and enucleation in the first 5 years after brachytherapy. COMS report no. 19. Ophthalmology 2002;109:2197-206.
  31. Shields JA, Shields CL, Shan P, Sivalingam V. Partial lamellar scleraluvectomy for cilliary body and choroidal tumors. Ophthalmology 1991;98:971-83.
  32. Peyman GA, Juarez CP, Dimand JG, Raichand M. Ten years experience with eye wall ressection for uveal malignant melanomas. Ophthalmology 1984;91:1720-5.
  33. Moreira Jr CA, Ramos ARB, Wahab SA, Santos FS. Ressecção cirúrgica em bloco de melanoma de coróide. Arq Bras Oftalmol 1996;59:88-91.
  34. Erwenne CM. Os métodos de tratamento e as rotinas em tumores intra-oculares. Arq Bras Oftalmol 1998; 61:602-7.
  35. Char DH, Phillips TL. The potential for adjuvant radiotherapy in choroidal melanoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1982; 100:257-8.
  36. Powers WE, Palmer LA. Biologic basis of pre-operative radiation treatment. Radiology 1968; 102:176-92.
  37. Gamel JW, Mclean IW, Greenberg RA. Interval-by-interval Cox-Model analysis of 3.680 cases of intraocular melanoma shows a decline in the prognostic value of size and cell type over time after tumor excision. Cancer 1988; 61:574-9.
  38. Migdal C.Effect of the method of enucleation on the prognosis of choroidal melanoma. Br J Opthalmol 1983; 67:385-88.
  39. Hayton S, Lafreniere R, Jerry LM et al. Ocular melanoma in Alberta: a 38 year review pointing to the importance of tumor size and tumor histology as predictors of survival. J Surg Oncol 1989; 42:215-18.
  40. Chojniak MMM, Salvajoli JV, Saba LB et al. Melanoma de coróide: estudo de sobrevida - Enucleação simples x Enucleação com radioterapia prévia. Arq Bras Oftalm 1995; 58:50-5.
  41. Sahel JA, Pesavento R, Frederick AR et al. Melanoma arising de novo over a 16 month period. Arch Ophthalmol 1988; 106:381-5.
  42. Baddini-Caramelli C, Rotenberg M, Avakian A et al. Tumores oculares: fatores de atraso no atendimento oftalmológico. Arq Bras Oftalm 1997; 60:604-7.
  43. Arcieri ES, Fonseca D, França ET, Braga EF, Ferreira MA. Estudo de melanoma de coróide na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2002;65:89-93.

Título español
Resumen
 Palabras clave
 Bibliografía
 Artículo completo
(exclusivo a suscriptores)
 Autoevaluación
  Tema principal en SIIC Data Bases
 Especialidades

 English title
 Abstract
 Key words
Full text
(exclusivo a suscriptores)


Autor 
Artículos
Correspondencia

Patrocinio y reconocimiento
Imprimir esta página
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Está expresamente prohibida la redistribución y la redifusión de todo o parte de los contenidos de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Información Científica (SIIC) S.A. sin previo y expreso consentimiento de SIIC.
ua31618
Home

Copyright siicsalud © 1997-2024 ISSN siicsalud: 1667-9008