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OBESIDAD Y CONTAMINACION AMBIENTAL: PARADIGMAS Y REVOLUCIONES CIENTIFICAS

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El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar las ideas y los paradigmas por los que han transitado los estudios sobre obesidad, y su relación con contaminantes ambientales, alimentación y epigenética, con el propósito de ilustrar la situación actual.
Autor:
Sagrario Lobato huerta
Columnista Experta de SIIC

Institución:
Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla

Artículos publicados por Sagrario Lobato huerta
Coautores
Marcos Bucio-Pacheco* Raúl Villegas Vizcaíno** 
Biólogo, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Sinaloa, México*
Biotecnólogo, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, México**
Recepción del artículo
14 de Octubre, 2021 		Aprobación
14 de Octubre, 2021
Primera edición
20 de Octubre, 2021 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
26 de Mayo, 2022

OBESIDAD Y CONTAMINACION AMBIENTAL: PARADIGMAS Y REVOLUCIONES CIENTIFICAS

Resumen
Kuhn en 1962 establece el carácter revolucionario de la ciencia: "las nuevas teorías científicas no nacen por verificación ni por falsación, sino por sustitución". El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar las ideas y los paradigmas por los que han transitado los estudios sobre obesidad, y su relación con contaminantes ambientales, alimentación y epigenética, con el propósito de ilustrar la situación actual de este objeto de estudio. Se gestionaron artículos en diciembre de 2020 de la Web of Science. La estrategia fue Obesity AND (pollution OR contamination) en el campo Title, AND (epigenetic* OR obesity OR alimentation OR nutrition OR diet) en el campo Themes. Se obtuvieron 654 artículos: 577 investigaciones originales y 77 revisiones. Los documentos se exportaron en formato BibTeX para ser analizados cuantitativamente con el programa Bibliometrix. Para el análisis cualitativo se seleccionaron artículos de revisión en cuyos títulos, palabras clave o resumen llevaran la palabra paradigm*, con lo que se identificaron 19, a los que se les realizó análisis de contenido. De 1980 a 2020 se reconocieron cuatro períodos; el primero y el tercero se clasifican como ciencia normal; el segundo y el cuarto, como crisis de conocimiento o revolución. La evolución de los estudios ha sido diferenciada. Primero, la temática central fue la contaminación ambiental y, de manera secundaria, la obesidad. Para el segundo y el tercer período se investigan por separado la epigenética relacionada con la contaminación ambiental y la asociada con la obesidad, y en la actualidad, se plantean hipótesis de relaciones causales entre contaminantes ambientales y obesidad, nutrientes y epigenética.

Palabras clave
nutrición


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Obesity and environmental pollution: paradigms and scientific revolutions

Abstract
Kuhn in 1962 establishes the revolutionary character of science: "new scientific theories are not born by verification or falsification, but by substitution." The objective of this review was to analyze the ideas and paradigms through which studies on obesity and its relationship with environmental pollutants, diet and epigenetics have passed, in order to illustrate the current situation of this object of study. Articles were managed in December 2020 from the Web of Science. The strategy was Obesity AND (pollution OR contamination) in the Title field, AND (epigenetic* OR obesity OR food OR nutrition OR diet) in the Themes field. 654 articles were obtained: 577 original investigations and 77 reviews. The documents were exported in BibTeXformat to be quantitatively analyzed with the Bibliometrix program. For the qualitative analysis, review articles were selected in whose titles, keywords and/or abstract, carried the word paradigm*, identifying 19 who underwent content analysis. From 1980 to 2020, four periods were recognized, the first and third are classified as normal science; the second and the fourth, crisis of knowledge or revolution. The evolution of the studies has been differentiated. First, the central theme was environmental pollution and secondarily, obesity. For the second and third period, the epigenetics related to environmental pollution and that associated with obesity are investigated separately and at present, causal relationships between environmental pollutants and obesity, nutrients and epigenetics are hypothesized.

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Salud Ambiental
Relacionadas: Epidemiología, Genética Humana, Medicina Interna, Nutrición, Salud Pública, Toxicología



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Sagrario Lobato Huerta, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
Bibliografía del artículo
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