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HIPOTENSION ORTOSTATICA Y DETERIORO COGNITIVO/DEMENCIA EN ADULTOS

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La autora sugiere que tanto la hipoperfusión cerebral como el daño celular podrían explicar, al menos parcialmente, la vinculación entre la HTO y las alteraciones cognitivas descriptas en la bibliografía. Estudios realizados en el futuro podrán identificar los mecanismos que expliquen la asociación entre HTO y deterioro cognitivo.
Autor:
Mariana Suárez bagnasco
Columnista Experta de SIIC

Institución:
Universidad Católica del Uruguay

Artículos publicados por Mariana Suárez bagnasco
Recepción del artículo
27 de Agosto, 2019 		Aprobación
16 de Enero, 2020
Primera edición
29 de Enero, 2020 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
12 de Agosto, 2021

HIPOTENSION ORTOSTATICA Y DETERIORO COGNITIVO/DEMENCIA EN ADULTOS

Resumen
Se realizó una revisión narrativa sobre la hipotensión ortostática (HTO) y el deterioro cognitivo/la demencia. Se utilizaron las bases de datos PubMed y PsycInfo. Se identificaron los estudios originales publicados en idioma inglés entre 2013 y 2018, inclusive. Las palabras clave utilizadas durante la búsqueda fueron las siguientes: "orthostatic hypotension", "adults" and "cognitive"/ "cognitive impairment"/ "dementia". Se encontraron 20 estudios originales que exploran la relación entre la HTO y el/la deterioro cognitivo/demencia. La mayoría de los trabajos revisados aportan datos a favor de la existencia de una asociación entre HTO y deterioro cognitivo/demencia en adultos: 8 de 11 trabajos suministran información a favor de la existencia de una asociación entre HTO y deterioro cognitivo, 6 de 7 estudios brindan datos a favor de la existencia de una asociación entre HTO y demencia, y 2 trabajos aportan datos a favor de la asociación entre HTO y deterioro cognitivo leve. Los autores sugieren que tanto la hipoperfusión cerebral como el daño celular podrían explicar, al menos parcialmente, la vinculación entre la HTO y las alteraciones cognitivas descriptas en la bibliografía. Estudios realizados en el futuro podrán identificar los mecanismos que expliquen la asociación entre HTO y deterioro cognitivo, así como entre HTO y demencia en adultos, con el fin de reducir el riesgo de deterioro cognitivo/demencia o, al menos, enlentecer su progresión.

Palabras clave
presión arterial


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Orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment/dementia in adults

Abstract
A narrative review was made on orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment / dementia. The PubMed and PsycInfo databases were used and the original studies published in English between 2013 and 2018 were identified. The keywords used during the search were the following: "orthostatic hypotension", "adults" and "cognitive" / "cognitive impairment" / "dementia". We found 20 original studies that explore the relationship between orthostatic hypotension and cognitive / dementia. Most of the studies reviewed provide evidence in favor of the existence of an association between orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment / dementia in adults: 8 out of 11 papers provide evidence in favor of the existence of an association between orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment, 6 out of 7 papers provide evidence in favor of the existence of an association between orthostatic hypotension and dementia, and 2 out of 2 papers provide evidence in favor of the existence of an association between orthostatic hypotension and mild cognitive impairment. The authors suggest that both brain hypoperfusion and cellular damage could partially explain the link between orthostatic hypotension and the cognitive disorders described in the literature. Future studies may identify mechanisms that explain the association between orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment / orthostatic hypotension and dementia in adults to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment / dementia or at least slow down its progression.

Key words
blood pressure

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Cardiología, Neurología
Relacionadas: Geriatría, Medicina Familiar, Salud Mental, Salud Pública



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Enviar correspondencia a:
Mariana Suárez Bagnasco, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
Bibliografía del artículo
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