HOSPITALIZACIONES POR ASMA INFANTIL EN ATENAS

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Aunque la prevalencia del asma infantil aumenta continuamente a pesar de presentar un ritmo en desaceleración, las tendencias temporales y los ingresos por asma entre los niños en Atenas durante los últimos 28 años, después de un incremento brusco, muestran una marcada disminución que describe una curva similar a un arco.
Autor:
Kostas n Priftis
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Penteli Children's Hospital


Artículos publicados por Kostas n Priftis
Coautor
Asimina Zachariadi-Xypolita* 
MD, PhD, Athens University, Atenas, Grecia*
Recepción del artículo
1 de Marzo, 2007
Aprobación
5 de Septiembre, 2007
Primera edición
7 de Febrero, 2008
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Antecedentes: Las tendencias en las tasas de ingresos por asma entre los niños han mostrado distintos patrones en diferentes países en las últimas décadas. Nosotros llevamos a cabo este estudio para determinar las tendencias temporales en los ingresos y reingresos por asma de niños en el área metropolitana de Atenas, Grecia, durante el período de 1978 a 2005. Materiales, métodos y resultados: Se obtuvieron datos de registros hospitalarios de los tres principales hospitales de niños de Atenas de 1978 a 2005. Se incluyeron niños que ingresaron con diagnóstico de asma, bronquitis asmática o bronquitis con sibilancias. Se observó un aumento paralelo y continuo en las tasas de ingresos y reingresos por asma en el área de Atenas durante toda la década de 1980 seguido por una estabilización durante los últimos años de los '90 y un regreso impresionante a las tasas de comienzos de la década de 1980 durante el período 2001-2005. Existe una variabilidad estacional constante, y se presentan una relativa humedad y presión atmosférica como las variables meteorológicas más importantes, y el dióxido de azufre, el humo negro y el monóxido de carbono son los principales contaminantes ambientales implicados en los ingresos por asma entre los niños pequeños. Conclusión: Los ingresos y reingresos por asma entre los niños de Atenas mostraron una elevación brusca durante la década de 1980, una estabilización hacia fines de la década de 1990 y una disminución hasta las tasas de comienzos de la década de 1980 durante el último período.

Palabras clave
asma infantil, admisiones hospitalarias, tendencias temporales, variación estacional, contaminación ambiental


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Abstract
Background: Trends in rates of asthma admissions among children have shown a variety of patterns in different countries in the last decades. We undertook the present study to determine the time trends in asthma admissions and readmissions of children in metropolitan Athens area, Greece, during the 1978-2005 period. Material, methods and results: Data were obtained from hospital registries of the three main children's hospitals in Athens from 1978 to 2005. Children admitted with the diagnoses of asthma, asthmatic bronchitis or wheezy bronchitis were included. A continuous parallel increase in asthma admission and readmission rates in the greater Athens area throughout the 1980s followed by stabilization during the late 1990s and an impressive come-back to the rates of early eighties during the 2001-2005 period was observed. A constant seasonal variability does exist, with relative humidity and atmospheric pressure appearing to be the most important meteorological variables, and sulphur dioxide, black smoke and carbon monoxide the main ambient air pollutants implicated in asthma admissions among younger children. Conclusion: Asthma admissions among children and readmissions in Athens showed a sharp rise during the 1980s, stabilization during the late 1990s and a decrease to the rates of the early eighties during the last period.

Key words
childhood asthma, hospital admissions, time trends, seasonal variation, air pollution


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Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo >
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Especialidades
Principal: Epidemiología, Pediatría
Relacionadas: Alergia, Cuidados Intensivos, Neumonología, Salud Pública



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Enviar correspondencia a:
Kostas N. Priftis, Penteli Children's Hospital Allergy-Pneumonology Department, 152 36, Atenas, Grecia
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