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ADOLESCENCIA: PERIODO DE INTENSO CRECIMIENTO OSEO

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La adolescencia es un período de rápido crecimiento esquelético y una oportunidad para influir sobre la adquisición de masa ósea y el riesgo de osteoporosis en etapas tardías de la vida.
weaver.jpg Autor:
Connie m. Weaver
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por Connie m. Weaver
Coautor
Cristina Palacios* 
PhD PreNatal Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela*
Recepción del artículo
27 de Febrero, 2004 		Aprobación
4 de Noviembre, 2030
Primera edición
17 de Septiembre, 2004 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

ADOLESCENCIA: PERIODO DE INTENSO CRECIMIENTO OSEO

Resumen
La adolescencia es un período de rápido crecimiento esquelético durante el cual se adquiere casi la mitad de la masa esquelética adulta. Este período de la vida es una oportunidad para influir sobre la masa ósea máxima y para reducir el riesgo de osteoporosis en etapas tardías de la vida. Los factores endocrinos que pueden tener acción sobre la masa ósea máxima incluyen el factor de crecimiento tipo insulina I (FCTI-I), que regula el crecimiento del esqueleto, y las hormonas gonadotróficas que estimulan la maduración epifisaria. La deficiencia estrogénica y la amenorrea pueden reducir la masa esquelética. El ejercicio en relación con el peso puede incrementar la masa ósea. La mineralización apropiada del esqueleto requiere una ingesta dietaria adecuada de minerales que participan en la formación de hidroxiapatita, entre los cuales el calcio es el que más probablemente sea insuficiente.

Palabras clave
Adolescencia, masa ósea máxima, calcio, actividad física


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ADOLESCENCE: THE PERIOD OF DRAMATIC BONE GROWTH

Abstract
Adolescence is a period of rapid skeletal growth during which nearly half of the adult skeletal mass is accrued. This lifestage is a window of opportunity for influencing peak bone mass and reducing risk of osteoporosis later in life. Endocrine factors which may influence peak bone mass include IGF-I which regulates skeletal growth and gonadotropic hormones which stimulate epiphyseal maturation. Estrogen deficiency and amenorrhea can reduce skeletal mass. Weight bearing exercise can increase bone mass. Appropriate mineralization of the skeleton requires adequate dietary intakes of minerals involved in forming hydroxyapatite, of which the most likely to be deficient is calcium.


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Especialidades
Principal: Nutrición, Pediatría
Relacionadas: Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Medicina Deportiva, Medicina Interna, Osteoporosis y Osteopatías Médicas, Salud Pública



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